Wina anonimowa w obcych porządkach prawnych oraz europejskich propozycjach kodyfikacji prawa cywilnego
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Słowa kluczowe

anonymous fault
faute anonymee
nameless fault
subjectless fault
organizational fault
civil law
delict
fault
Draft Common Frame of Reference
European Group on Tort Law
Civil Law Codification Committee
future civil code
positive aspect
negative aspect
State Treasure tort liability
respondeat superior
liability of the occupier of premises
liability of a person running an enterprise
liability of an autonomous possessor of a vehicle
exemption circumstances

Abstrakt

Faute anonymee is a legal doctrine in Poland which is widely accepted as a mean of interpretation of prerequisite of fault in selected legal provisions of the Polish Civil Code of 1964. The essence of the doctrine is objectivization of civil liability by removal of the subjective aspect of fault. The doctrine is not unique - there are also other legal systems which use it to expound some legal provisions. The Polish legal system is in the vanguard of the world's legal systems as regards the issue of the liability of the State Treasury. The regulation of the employer's liability and  its interpretation is in conformity with the most legal systems, but the regulation and its interpretation pertaining to exonerating circumstances is not uniform - in Poland as well as in the other countries. Apart from the other lagal systems, there are European legal proposals concerning the civil liability - these are: the Principles of European Tort Law and the Draft Common Frame of Reference.  The proposals should be taken into consideration because of their cognitive value. They reflect the state of the European legal doctrine and may show what the lawmakers should concentrate on.

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Bibliografia

Bagińska E. (w:) System prawa administracyjnego, t. 12, Odpowiedzialność odszkodowawcza w administracji, pod red. R. Hausera, Z. Niewiadomskiego, A. Wróbla, Warszawa 2010

Bagińska E.: Odpowiedzialność deliktowa w razie niepewności związku przyczynowego. Studium prawnoporównawcze, Toruń 2013

Zhang X.: Legislation of Tort Liability Law in China, Singapore 2018

Zylber W.: Wynagrodzenie szkód spowodowanych przez działalność władz publicznych według prawa polskiego, Warszawa 1934