Abstrakt
This paper aims at searching the ties between authorship and money in the Roman times, from Plautus to the Antonines. The first part is about the authors who could earn some money or gain some financial advantages thanks to their literary production : first the authors of plays who sold them to an actor or a magistrate for a festival, then the poets in the shadow of a powerful family like Ennius. Martial under the Flavians is an interesting example of an author between two mental representations, wishing loudly to earn some money but hoping for glory as the ultimate gain, which allows to present another conception of authorship in ancient Rome. Many writers did not care about the money or financial gain, and then about copyright : writing was a social activity, a way to celebrate publicly a friendship, or a political device for propaganda.
Bibliografia
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J.C. Dumont & M.F. Garelli, Le théâtre ? Rome, Paris, 1998
E. Sage, ?The Profits of literature in Ancient Rome?, CW 10, 1917, 170-172
E. Rawson, Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic, London, 1985, 42-44
G. Cavallo, Libri, Editori e pubblico nel mondo antico, Roma, Laterza, 1992
V. R. Perrino, ? Propriet? intellettuale nell?antichit? : questioni teatrali ?, Senecio, Napoli, 2016, 34-77
A. Plisecka, Tabula picta. Aspetti giuridici del lavoro pittorico in Roma antica, Padova, CEDAM, 2011
H. Leppin, Histrionen. Untersuchungen zur sozialen Stellung von Bühnenkünstlern im Westen des Römischen Reiches zur Zeit der Republik und des Prinzipat, Bonn, Rudolf Habelt, 1992
G. Duckworth, The Nature of Roman comedy: A study in popular entertainment, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1952
P. Grimal, Le si?cle des Scipions, Paris, Aubier, 1975
J. Penzel, Variation und Imitation. Ein literarischer Kommentar zu den Epigrammen des Antipater von Sidon und des Archias von Antiocheia, Trier, WVT, 2006
A. Walther, M. Fulvius Nobilior: Politik und Kultur in der Zeit der mittleren Republik, Heidelberg, Verlag Antike, 2016
A. Coskun, Cicero und das römische Bürgerrecht. Die Verteidigung des Dichters Archias, Göttingen, Ruprecht, 2010
E. Badian, ?Notes on provincial governors?, in : Studies in Greek and Roman History, Oxford, Blackwell, 1964
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G. Rotondi, Leges publicae populi Romani, Hildesheim, Olms, 1990 (1st ed. 1914)
H. Bardon, Les empereurs et les lettres latines d?Auguste ? Hadrien, Paris, Belles Lettres, 1940
R. Nauta, Poetry for Patrons. Literary communication in the Age of Domitian, Leiden, Brill, 2002
K.M. Coleman, M. Valerii Martialis Liber spectaculorum, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2006
W. Allen Jr, ?Martial: Knight, Publisher poet?, CJ 65, 1970, 345-357
T. Peck, ?The Argiletum and the Roman book-trade?, CPh 9, 1914, 77-78
E. Sage, ?The publication of Martial?s Poems?, TAPhA 50, 1919, 168-176
M. Citroni, M. Valerii Martialis. Epigrammaton Liber primus, Firenze, La nuova Italia, 1975
J.P. Sullivan, Martial : the unexpected classic, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1991
R. Moreno Soldevilla, A. Marina Castillo & J. Fernandez Valverde, A Prosopography to Martial?s Epigrams, Berlin, De Gruyter, 2019
G. Galimberti Biffino, ? Oralité et écriture dans la circulation littéraire : le cas de Pline le Jeune ?, in : Y. Perrin (ed.), Neronia VIII. Biblioth?ques, livres et culture écrite dans l?empire romain de César ? Hadrien, Bruxelles, Latomus, 2010, 263-272
R. Sommer, ?T. Pomponius Atticus und die Verbreitung von Ciceros Werke?, Hermes 41, 1920, 389-422
G. Cavallo, Libri, editori e pubblico nel mondo antico, Bari, 1975
H. Blanck, Das Buch in der Antike, München, C.H. Beck, 1992
J.J. Philipps, ?Atticus and the Publication of Cicero?s Works?, CW 79, 1986, 227-237
A. Dortmund, Römisches Buchwesen um die Zeitenwende. War T. Pomponius Atticus (110-32 v. Chr.) Verleger ? Wiesbaden, 2001
M. Buckley, ? Atticus, Man of Letters, Revisited ?, in : K. Sidwell (ed.), Pleiades Setting. Essays for Pat Cronin on his 65th Birthday, Cork, University College Cork, 2002, 15-33
R. Syme, Sallust, Berkeley, 1964
J. Humbert, Les plaidoyers écrits et les plaidoiries réelles de Cicéron, Paris, 1925
M. Dettenhofer, Perdita Juventus, Munich, C.H. Beck, 1994
P. Cordier, ?M. Caelius Rufus, le préteur recalcitrant?, MEFRA 106, 1994, 533-577
R. Etienne, Les Ides de mars, Paris, Gallimard, 1973
Y. Benferhat, ? Quand il n?y a rien ? transmettre : le droit de la propriété intellectuelle, Atticus et la diffusion des oeuvres de Cicéron ?, Fundamina 19, 2013, 1-11
N. Methy, Les lettres de Pline le Jeune. Une représentation de l'homme, Paris, PUPS, 2007
R. Winsbury, Pliny the Younger. A life in Roman Letters, London, Bloomsbury, 2014
P. White, ?Bookshops in the Literary Culture of Rome?, in: W.A. Johnson & H.N. Parker (eds.), Ancient Literacies. The Culture of Reading in Greece and Rome, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2009, 268-287
A. Plisecka, ?Accessio and specificatio reconsidered?, TR 74, 2006, 45-60
A. Sherwin-White, The Letters of Pliny. A historical and social commentary, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1966
J.C. Dumont & M.F. Garelli, Le théâtre ? Rome, Paris, 1998
E. Sage, ?The Profits of literature in Ancient Rome?, CW 10, 1917, 170-172
E. Rawson, Intellectual Life in the Late Roman Republic, London, 1985, 42-44
G. Cavallo, Libri, Editori e pubblico nel mondo antico, Roma, Laterza, 1992
V. R. Perrino, ? Propriet? intellettuale nell?antichit? : questioni teatrali ?, Senecio, Napoli, 2016, 34-77
A. Plisecka, Tabula picta. Aspetti giuridici del lavoro pittorico in Roma antica, Padova, CEDAM, 2011
H. Leppin, Histrionen. Untersuchungen zur sozialen Stellung von Bühnenkünstlern im Westen des Römischen Reiches zur Zeit der Republik und des Prinzipat, Bonn, Rudolf Habelt, 1992
G. Duckworth, The Nature of Roman comedy: A study in popular entertainment, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1952
P. Grimal, Le si?cle des Scipions, Paris, Aubier, 1975
J. Penzel, Variation und Imitation. Ein literarischer Kommentar zu den Epigrammen des Antipater von Sidon und des Archias von Antiocheia, Trier, WVT, 2006
A. Walther, M. Fulvius Nobilior: Politik und Kultur in der Zeit der mittleren Republik, Heidelberg, Verlag Antike, 2016
A. Coskun, Cicero und das römische Bürgerrecht. Die Verteidigung des Dichters Archias, Göttingen, Ruprecht, 2010
E. Badian, ?Notes on provincial governors?, in : Studies in Greek and Roman History, Oxford, Blackwell, 1964
A. Keaveney, Lucullus. A Life, London, Routledge, 1992
G. Rotondi, Leges publicae populi Romani, Hildesheim, Olms, 1990 (1st ed. 1914)
H. Bardon, Les empereurs et les lettres latines d?Auguste ? Hadrien, Paris, Belles Lettres, 1940
R. Nauta, Poetry for Patrons. Literary communication in the Age of Domitian, Leiden, Brill, 2002
K.M. Coleman, M. Valerii Martialis Liber spectaculorum, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2006
W. Allen Jr, ?Martial: Knight, Publisher poet?, CJ 65, 1970, 345-357
T. Peck, ?The Argiletum and the Roman book-trade?, CPh 9, 1914, 77-78
E. Sage, ?The publication of Martial?s Poems?, TAPhA 50, 1919, 168-176
M. Citroni, M. Valerii Martialis. Epigrammaton Liber primus, Firenze, La nuova Italia, 1975
J.P. Sullivan, Martial : the unexpected classic, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1991
R. Moreno Soldevilla, A. Marina Castillo & J. Fernandez Valverde, A Prosopography to Martial?s Epigrams, Berlin, De Gruyter, 2019
G. Galimberti Biffino, ? Oralité et écriture dans la circulation littéraire : le cas de Pline le Jeune ?, in : Y. Perrin (ed.), Neronia VIII. Biblioth?ques, livres et culture écrite dans l?empire romain de César ? Hadrien, Bruxelles, Latomus, 2010, 263-272
R. Sommer, ?T. Pomponius Atticus und die Verbreitung von Ciceros Werke?, Hermes 41, 1920, 389-422
G. Cavallo, Libri, editori e pubblico nel mondo antico, Bari, 1975
H. Blanck, Das Buch in der Antike, München, C.H. Beck, 1992
J.J. Philipps, ?Atticus and the Publication of Cicero?s Works?, CW 79, 1986, 227-237
A. Dortmund, Römisches Buchwesen um die Zeitenwende. War T. Pomponius Atticus (110-32 v. Chr.) Verleger ? Wiesbaden, 2001
M. Buckley, ? Atticus, Man of Letters, Revisited ?, in : K. Sidwell (ed.), Pleiades Setting. Essays for Pat Cronin on his 65th Birthday, Cork, University College Cork, 2002, 15-33
R. Syme, Sallust, Berkeley, 1964
J. Humbert, Les plaidoyers écrits et les plaidoiries réelles de Cicéron, Paris, 1925
M. Dettenhofer, Perdita Juventus, Munich, C.H. Beck, 1994
P. Cordier, ?M. Caelius Rufus, le préteur recalcitrant?, MEFRA 106, 1994, 533-577
R. Etienne, Les Ides de mars, Paris, Gallimard, 1973
Y. Benferhat, ? Quand il n?y a rien ? transmettre : le droit de la propriété intellectuelle, Atticus et la diffusion des oeuvres de Cicéron ?, Fundamina 19, 2013, 1-11
N. Methy, Les lettres de Pline le Jeune. Une représentation de l'homme, Paris, PUPS, 2007
R. Winsbury, Pliny the Younger. A life in Roman Letters, London, Bloomsbury, 2014
P. White, ?Bookshops in the Literary Culture of Rome?, in: W.A. Johnson & H.N. Parker (eds.), Ancient Literacies. The Culture of Reading in Greece and Rome, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2009, 268-287
A. Plisecka, ?Accessio and specificatio reconsidered?, TR 74, 2006, 45-60
A. Sherwin-White, The Letters of Pliny. A historical and social commentary, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1966
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